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htext - Create and manipulate hypertext widgets
htext pathName ?option value?...
The htext command creates
a new window (given by the pathName argument) and makes it into a htext
widget. Additional options, described above, may be specified on the command
line or in the option database to configure aspects of the widget such
as its color and font. At the time this command is invoked, there must
not exist a window named pathName, but pathName's parent must exist. The
htext command returns its pathName.
The htext widget is hybrid of a non-editable
text widget and a geometry manager (e.g. the packer). It displays text (optionally
read from file) in a window. Text can be scrolled either horizontally or
vertically using the htext window as a viewport. In addition, Tcl commands
can be embedded into the text which are evaluated as the text is parsed.
Text between special double characters (percent signs "%%") is immediately
passed to the Tcl interpreter for evaluation.
Furthermore, any widget
or widget hierarchy can be packed in-line and made to appear on the current
line of the text. Widgets are packed using the htext append command. All
widgets must be children of the htext window and must already exist before
packing. Once a widget has been packed it cannot be moved to a different
position within the text. Widgets can be resized but they will remain
at the same position within the text.
Before a file or text string is parsed
by the htext widget, all the widget's current children are destroyed. You
can reload files or text without worrying about unmapping or destroying
each child window beforehand.
Setting the either the -filename or -text configuration
option will adjust the value of the other. If both options are set, the
file takes precedence. When a new file is read using the -filename option,
the value of the -text option is reset to the empty string. Likewise, when
the -text option is set, the string representing the -filename option is
cleared.
The format of htext text file is typically ASCII text.
Text enclosed by special double characters (by default, percent signs
'%%') is interpreted and executed as Tcl commands. The special character
may be specified by the -specialchar option. In the following example of
a htext file, a button widget is appended to the text between the words
"a" and "which". The pathName of the htext widget is ".ht".
This will be displayed as normal text.
But this will become a %%
button .ht.button -text "button" -fg red
.ht append .ht.button
%% which can invoke a Tcl command.
Indices
Some of the widget operations (selection, gotoline, search, etc.)
take one or more indices as arguments. An index is a string used to indicate
a particular place within the text, such as the first and last characters
in a range to be selected.
An index must have one of the following forms:
- line.char
- Indicates char'th character on line line. Both lines and characters
are number from 0, so "0.0" is the first beginning of the text. Char may
be undesignated. In this case a character position of 0 is assumed.
- @x,y
- Indicates the character that covers the pixel whose x and y coordinates
within the text's window are x and y.
- end
- Indicates the end of the text.
- anchor
- Indicates the anchor point for the selection, which is set with the selection
operation.
- sel.first
- Indicates the first character in the selection. It is
an error to use this form if the selection isn't in the entry window.
- sel.last
- Indicates the character just after the last one in the selection. It is
an error to use this form if the selection isn't in the entry window.
The
following global Tcl variables are maintained when an htext file is parsed.
- htext(widget)
- is the pathname of the htext widget.
- htext(file)
- is the
name of the file the htext widget is currently parsing. It is the empty
string when the -text option is used.
- htext(line)
- is the current line number
in the text.
This information might be used to construct hyper links
between different files and/or lines.
The htext command creates a
new Tcl command whose name is pathName. This command may be used to invoke
various operations on the widget. It has the following general form:
pathName oper ?args?
Oper and args determine the exact behavior of the command.
The
following operations are available for htext widgets:
- pathName append window
?option value?...
- Embeds the widget window into the htext widget. Window
is the pathname of the widget to be embedded which must be a child of pathName.
Window will be positioned in the htext widget at the current location
of the text. If option and value pairs are present, they configure various
aspects how window appears in pathName. The following options are available.
- -anchor anchorPos
- Specifies how window will be arranged if there is any
extra space in the cavity surrounding the window. For example, if anchorPos
is center then the window is centered in the cavity; if anchorPos is w
then the window will be drawn such it touches the leftmost edge of the
cavity. The default is center.
- -fill style
- Specifies how the window should
be stretched to occupy the extra space in the cavity surrounding it (if
any exists). Style is none, x, y, both. If style is x, the width of window
is expanded to fill the cavity. If style is y, the height is expanded.
The default is none.
- -height pixels
- Sets the height of the cavity surrounding
window. If pixels is zero, the height of the cavity will be the same as
the requested height of window. If pixels is less than the requested height
of window, window will be reduced to fit the cavity. The default is 0.
- -ipadx
pad
- Sets the amount of internal padding to be added to the width window.
Pad can be a list of one or two numbers. If pad has two elements, the
left side of window is extended by the first value and the right side by
the second value. If pad is just one value, both the left and right sides
are padded by evenly by the value. The default is 0.
- -ipady pad
- Sets an amount
of internal padding to be added to the height of window. Pad can be a list
of one or two numbers. If pad has two elements, the top of window is padded
by the first value and the bottom by the second value. If pad is just one
number, both the top and bottom are padded evenly by the value. The default
is 0.
- -justify justify
- Justifies window vertically within the cavity containing
it in relation to the line of text. Justify is top, bottom, or center.
If justify is center the widget is centered along the baseline of the
line of text. The default is center.
- -padx pad
- Sets the padding on the left
and right sides of window. Pad can be a list of one or two numbers. If pad
has two elements, the left side of window is padded by the first value
and the right side by the second value. If pad has just one value, both
the left and right sides are padded evenly by the value. The default is
0.
- -pady pad
- Sets the padding above and below window. Pad can be a list of
one or two numbers. If pad has two elements, the area above window is padded
by the first value and the area below by the second value. If pad is just
one number, both the top and bottom are padded by the value. The default
is 0.
- -relheight value
- Specifies the height of the cavity containing window
relative to the height of pathName. Value is real number indicating the
ratio of the height of the cavity to the height of pathName. As the height
of pathName changes, so will the height of window. If value is 0.0 or less,
the height of the cavity is the requested height window. The default is
0.0.
- -relwidth value
- Specifies the width of the cavity containing window relative
to the width of pathName. Value is real number indicating the ratio of
the width of the cavity to the width of IpathName. As the height of pathName
changes, so will the height of window. If value is 0.0 or less, the width
of the cavity is the requested width of window. The default is 0.0.
- -width
value
- Species the width of the cavity containing the child window. Value
must be in a form accepted by Tk_GetPixels. If value is greater than zero,
the cavity is resized to that width. If the requested window width is
greater than the cavity's width, the window will be reduced to fit the cavity.
By default, the cavity is requested width of the child window.
- pathName
configure ?window? ?option? ?value option value ...?
- Queries or modifies the
configuration options of the text widget or one of its embedded widgets.
If no window argument is present, the htext widget itself is configured.
Otherwise window is the pathname of a widget already embedded into the
htext widget. Then this command configure the options for the embedded widget.
If option isn't specified, a list describing all of the current options
for pathName or window is returned. If option is specified, but not value,
then a list describing the option option is returned. If one or more option
and value pairs are specified, then for each pair, the htext or embedded
window option option is set to value.
The following options are valid for
the htext widget.
- -background color
- Sets the background of the htext widget
to color. This default is white.
- -cursor cursor
- Specifies the cursor for
the htext widget. The default cursor is pencil.
- -filename fileName
- Specifies
a htext file to be displayed in the window. If the value is the empty string,
the -text option is used instead. See the section FILE
for a description
of the htext file format.
- -font fontName
- Sets the font of the text in the
htext widget to fontName. The default is *-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal-*-12-120-*.
- -foreground
color
- Sets the foreground of the htext widget to color. This is the color
of the text. This default is black.
- -height pixels
- Specifies the height of
the htext widget window.
- -linespacing pixels
- Specifies the spacing between
each line of text. The value must be in a form accepted by Tk_GetPixels.
The default value is 1 pixel.
- -specialchar number
- Specifies the ASCII value
of the special double character delimiters. In htext files, the text between
these special characters is evaluated as a block of Tcl commands. The default
special character is the 0x25 (percent sign).
- -text text
- Specifies the
text to be displayed in the htext widget. Text can be any valid string
of characters. See FILE FORMAT
for a description.
- -xscrollcommand string
- Specifies the prefix for a command used to communicate with horizontal
scrollbars. When the view in the htext widget's window changes (or whenever
anything else occurs that could change the display in a scrollbar, such
as a change in the total size of the widget's contents), the widget invoke
string concatenated by two numbers. Each of the numbers is a fraction between
0 and 1, which indicates a position in the document. If this option is
not specified, then no command will be executed.
- -yscrollcommand string
- Specifies
the prefix for a command used to communicate with vertical scrollbars.
When the view in the htext widget's window changes (or whenever anything
else occurs that could change the display in a scrollbar, such as a change
in the total size of the widget's contents), the widget invoke string concatenated
by two numbers. Each of the numbers is a fraction between 0 and 1, which
indicates a position in the document. If this option is not specified,
then no command will be executed.
- -width pixels
- Specifies the desired width
of the viewport window. If the pixels is less than one, the window will
grow to accommodate the widest line of text.
- -xscrollunits pixels
- Specifies
the horizontal scrolling distance. The default is 10 pixels.
- -yscrollunits
pixels
- Specifies the vertical scrolling distance. The default is 10 pixels.
- pathName gotoline ?index?
- Sets the top line of the text to index. Index
must be a valid text index (the character offset is ignored). If an index
isn't provided, the current line number is returned.
- pathName scan mark
position
- Records position and the current view in the text window; used
in conjunction with later scan dragto commands. Position must be in the
form "@x,y, where x and y are window coordinates. Typically this command
is associated with a mouse button press in the widget. It returns an empty
string.
- pathName scan dragto position
- Computes the difference between position
and the position registered in the last scan mark command for the widget.
The view is then adjusted up or down by 10 times the difference in coordinates.
This command is can be associated with mouse motion events to produce
the effect of dragging the text at high speed through the window. Position
must be in the form "@x,y, where x and y are window coordinates. The command
returns an empty string.
- pathName search pattern ?from? ?to?
- Returns the
number of the next line matching pattern. Pattern is a string which obeys
the matching rules of Tcl_StringMatch. From and to are text line numbers
(inclusive) which bound the search. If no match for pattern can be found,
-1 is returned.
- pathName xview ?position?
- Moves the viewport horizontally
to the new text x-coordinate position. Position is the offset from the
left side of the text to the current position and must be in a form accepted
by Tk_GetPixels. If position is not present, the current text position is
returned.
- pathName yview ?position?
- Moves the viewport vertically to the
new text y-coordinate position. Position is the offset from the top of
the text to the current position and must be in a form accepted by Tk_GetPixels.
If position is not present, the current text position is returned.
Text
with embedded tabs can be obscured by child windows when scrolled horizontally.
hypertext, widget
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